Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia stands as the third and most magnificent church built on its historic site. Completed in 537 AD, its grand architecture has amazed visitors for centuries. The enormous dome, measuring 30 meters in diameter, once sheltered the largest enclosed space in the world. For over a thousand years, no other building matched its scale—only in 1520 did Seville Cathedral surpass it.
Architectural Innovation and Influence
The unique design of Hagia Sophia uses "pendentive" architecture, a groundbreaking method at the time. This technique shifts the massive weight of the dome onto four strong pillars, allowing the vast, open interior space. The success of this design influenced countless Eastern Orthodox churches and later, Ottoman mosques throughout the region.
Transformations Through the Ages
Hagia Sophia’s purpose and atmosphere have changed with the tides of history. After the Ottoman conquest in 1453, the building became a mosque and remained so until 1931. It then served as a museum for nearly nine decades. In 2020, Hagia Sophia was once again designated as a mosque. Visitors today are asked to be mindful of prayer times and to dress appropriately during their visit.
Source - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia